Estrogens and the Liver

Effects of estrogens on the liver.

Although the liver is not generally regarded as a target organ for estrogens, several clinical observations and a number of physiological studies suggest that it is. The identification of estrogen receptors in liver cytosol and nuclei support this conclusion. 1, 2 We shall discuss several of the more important physiological and clinical effects of estrogens upon the liver (table 1) and shall il...

Estrogens in the Control of Growth Hormone Actions in Liver

Estrogens and the skin.

OBJECTIVE A review of the medical literature concerning the effect of the menopause and its hormonal treatment on the skin. METHODS An extensive Medline and Pubmed internet search utilizing the key words: collagen, elastin, estrogen, hormone replacement therapy, skin and aging. RESULTS The literature review demonstrated a wide array of research ranging from basic science work to clinical im...

Quinol-based metabolic cycle for estrogens in rat liver microsomes.

According to a recently reported metabolic pathway, phenolic A-ring estrogens are metabolized in rat liver microsomes partially to the corresponding quinols by cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. We found that these quinols could, in turn, undergo reduction to regenerate the parent estrogens consumed during the metabolic process. Among the tested endogenous reducing agents, NADH and especially NADPH pr...

The Influence of Estrogens on the Biological and Therapeutic Actions of Growth Hormone in the Liver

GH is main regulator of body growth and composition, somatic development, intermediate metabolism and gender-dependent dimorphism in mammals. The liver is a direct target of estrogens because it expresses estrogen receptors which are connected with development, lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity, hepatic carcinogenesis, protection from drug-induced toxicity and fertility. In addition, est...